Virtual and augmented reality applications in immersive learning in medical education. A systematic review

Abstract

Immersive learning allows students to be immersed in a digital environment that uses new technologies to enhance learning. In medical education, it has gained relevance by allowing procedures and diagnoses to be simulated accurately and safely. A systematic review was conducted from a qualitative analysis of the scientific literature, the approach has an approach to immersive learning, virtual reality, digital applications, innovation and medical education; the PRISMA 2020 statement was used for writing. The search was carried out in known databases; the articles considered were of open access, Spanish and English language, publication range of 5 years. The development of the analysis using ATLAS.ti version 9 software established dimensions of the analysis: a main semantic network and four secondary semantic networks derived from the main nodes, a word cloud, and a Sankey diagram, where the coincidence and interconnection of information between the different authors of the scientific evidence is shown. According to the systematic review, immersive learning using digital applications and emerging technologies is a cutting-edge means to revolutionize medical education, enhancing student learning and practice in a safe environment. However, guidance by trained personnel in the proper use of the digital applications used is essential to ensure that learners assimilate the new information in a meaningful way and thus avoid cognitive overload.